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A hepatoxin is defined as a chemical substance that specifically causes damage to liver cells, or hepatocytes. The liver plays a critical role in metabolizing substances and detoxifying the blood. When hepatotoxins enter the body, they can disrupt the normal functions of the liver, leading to liver inflammation, cellular injury, or even hepatic failure, depending on the severity and duration of exposure.

Understanding the nature of hepatotoxins is particularly important in fields such as occupational health and toxicology, where exposure to various chemicals may occur in specific work environments, posing significant health risks. Recognizing a hepatotoxin helps in assessing workplace hazards and implementing appropriate safety measures to protect employees from potentially harmful exposure.

In contrast, other chemicals that target specific organs—like those affecting the lungs, kidneys, or nervous system—are designated differently, reflecting their specific organ association. Thus, the term hepatoxin accurately describes the liver's targeted risk.