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The rapid chemical reaction of oxygen with a fuel is known as combustion. This process involves the reaction of a substance, typically a hydrocarbon, with oxygen, resulting in the release of energy in the form of heat and light. Combustion is characterized by the production of flames and is integral to many processes, including heating and engines.

Oxidation, while related, refers more broadly to any reaction in which a substance loses electrons or gains oxygen. This can occur at a slower pace and doesn't necessarily produce heat or light like combustion does.

Fermentation is a biological process involving the conversion of sugar to acids, gases, or alcohol, usually in the absence of oxygen, which is distinctly different from the rapid reaction of combustion.

Inhibition generally refers to the process of slowing down or preventing a chemical reaction, which does not fit the definition of a rapid chemical reaction between oxygen and a fuel.

Thus, combustion is the correct term for this rapid reaction, highlighting its specific characteristics and importance in various applications.